常見問題

是的。 我們為客戶提供OEM/ODM解決方案。 OEM 最小起訂量為 10,000 件。

我們依聯合國規定包裝，也可以依客戶要求提供特殊包裝。

我們有ISO9001、CB、CE、UL、BIS、UN38.3、KC、PSE。

我們提供功率不超過10WH的電池作為免費樣品。

每天120,000-150,000件，每種產品都有不同的產能，您可以根據電子郵件討論詳細資訊。

大約35天。 具體時間可以透過郵件協調。

兩週（14 天）。

我們一般接受 30% 預付款作為定金，並在交貨前接受 70% 作為尾款。 其他方式可協商。

我們提供：FOB 和 CIF。

我們接受 TT 付款。

我們已將貨物運送到北歐、西歐、北美、中東、亞洲、非洲等地。

Batteries are a kind of energy conversion and storage devices that convert chemical or physical energy into electrical energy through reactions. According to the different energy conversion of the battery, the battery can be divided into a chemical battery and a biological battery. A chemical battery or chemical power source is a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. It comprises two electrochemically active electrodes with different components, respectively, composed of positive and negative electrodes. A chemical substance that can provide media conduction is used as an electrolyte. When connected to an external carrier, it delivers electrical energy by converting its internal chemical energy. A physical battery is a device that converts physical energy into electrical energy.

主要區別在於活性物質不同。 二次電池的活性物質是可逆的，而一次電池的活性物質則不可逆。 一次電池的自放電比二次電池小得多。 然而，內阻比二次電池大得多，因此負載容量較低。 此外，一次電池的質量比容量和體積比容量比現有的可充電電池更顯著。

Ni-MH batteries use Ni oxide as the positive electrode, hydrogen storage metal as the negative electrode, and lye (mainly KOH) as the electrolyte. When the nickel-hydrogen battery is charged: Positive electrode reaction: Ni(OH)2 + OH- → NiOOH + H2O–e- Adverse electrode reaction: M+H2O +e-→ MH+ OH- When the Ni-MH battery is discharged: Positive electrode reaction: NiOOH + H2O + e- → Ni(OH)2 + OH- Negative electrode reaction: MH+ OH- →M+H2O +e-

The main component of the positive electrode of the lithium-ion battery is LiCoO2, and the negative electrode is mainly C. When charging, Positive electrode reaction: LiCoO2 → Li1-xCoO2 + xLi+ + xe- Negative reaction: C + xLi+ + xe- → CLix Total battery reaction: LiCoO2 + C → Li1-xCoO2 + CLix The reverse reaction of the above reaction occurs during discharge.

Commonly used IEC standards for batteries: The standard for nickel-metal hydride batteries is IEC61951-2: 2003; the lithium-ion battery industry generally follows UL or national standards. Commonly used national standards for batteries: The standards for nickel-metal hydride batteries are GB/T15100_1994, GB/T18288_2000; the standards for lithium batteries are GB/T10077_1998, YD/T998_1999, and GB/T18287_2000. In addition, the commonly used standards for batteries also include the Japanese Industrial Standard JIS C on batteries. IEC, the International Electrical Commission (International Electrical Commission), is a worldwide standardization organization composed of electrical committees of various countries. Its purpose is to promote the standardization of the world's electrical and electronic fields. IEC standards are standards formulated by the International Electrotechnical Commission.

鎳氫電池的主要組成部分有正極片（氧化鎳）、負極片（儲氫合金）、電解液（主要是KOH）、隔膜紙、密封圈、正極帽、電池殼等。

鋰離子電池的主要組成部分有電池上下蓋、正極片（活性物質為鈷酸鋰）、隔膜（一種特殊的複合膜）、負極（活性物質為碳）、有機電解液、電池殼（分為鋼殼和鋁殼兩種）等等。

是指電池工作時電流流過電池所經歷的電阻。 它由歐姆內阻和極化內阻組成。 電池顯著的內阻會降低電池放電工作電壓，縮短放電時間。 內阻主要受電池材料、製造流程、電池結構等因素影響。 它是衡量電池性能的重要參數。 註：一般以充電狀態下的內阻為標準。 計算電池內阻時，應使用專用內阻計，而不是歐姆量程的萬用電表。

電池的標稱電壓是指正常工作時所表現出的電壓。 二次鎳鎘鎳氫電池標稱電壓為1.2V； 二次鋰電池的標稱電壓為3.6V。

開路電壓是指電池不工作時，即電路中沒有電流流過時，電池正負極之間的電位差。 工作電壓又稱端電壓，是指電池工作時，即電路中存在過電流時，電池正負極之間的電位差。

電池的容量分為額定功率和實際容量。 電池的額定容量是指在設計和製造時規定或保證電池在一定的放電條件下應放出的最低電量。 IEC標準規定鎳鎘和鎳氫電池在0.1℃±16℃的溫度下以0.2C充電1.0小時，以20C放電至5V。 電池的額定容量以C5表示。 鋰離子電池規定在常溫、恆流（3C）-恆壓（1V）控制苛刻條件下充電4.2小時，放電至額定容量時以0.2C至2.75V放電。 電池的實際容量是指在一定的放電條件下暴放出的真實電量，主要受放電倍率和溫度的影響（所以嚴格來說，電池容量應該註明充放電條件）。 電池容量的單位為Ah、mAh（1Ah=1000mAh）。

充電電池在大電流（如1C以上）放電時，由於電流過流內部擴散速率存在“瓶頸效應”，在容量未完全放完時，電池已達到端電壓，然後用0.2C等小電流可以繼續去除，直至1.0V/個（鎳鎘、鎳氫電池）和3.0V/個（鋰電池），釋放出的容量稱為剩餘容量。

鎳氫充電電池的放電平台通常是指在特定的放電制度下放電時電池工作電壓相對穩定的電壓範圍。 其值與放電電流有關。 電流越大，重量越輕。 鋰離子電池的放電平台一般是電壓為4.2V時停止充電，恆壓電流小於0.01C，放置10分鐘，以任意倍率放電至3.6V目前的。 是衡量電池品質的必要標準。

根據IEC標準，鎳氫電池的標誌由5個部分組成。 01) Battery type: HF and HR indicate nickel-metal hydride batteries 02) Battery size information: including the diameter and height of the round battery, the height, width, and thickness of the square battery, and the values ​​are separated by a slash, unit: mm 03) Discharge characteristic symbol: L means that the suitable discharge current rate is within 0.5C M indicates that the suitable discharge current rate is within 0.5-3.5C H indicates that the suitable discharge current rate is within 3.5-7.0C X indicates that the battery can work at a high rate discharge current of 7C-15C. 04) High-temperature battery symbol: represented by T 05) Battery connection piece: CF represents no connection piece, HH represents the connection piece for battery pull-type series connection, and HB represents the connection piece for side-by-side series connection of battery belts. 例如，HF18/07/49代表方形鎳氫電池，寬度為18mm、7mm、高度為49mm。 KRMT33/62HH代表鎳鎘電池； 放電倍率0.5C-3.5之間，高溫系列單體電池（不含連接片），直徑33mm，高度62mm。 According to the IEC61960 standard, the identification of the secondary lithium battery is as follows: 01) The battery logo composition: 3 letters, followed by five numbers (cylindrical) or 6 (square) numbers. 02）第​​一個字母：表示電池的有害電極材料。 I－代表鋰離子內建電池； L——代表鋰金屬電極或鋰合金電極。 03）第二個字母：表示電池的正極材料。 C——鈷基焊條； N——鎳基電極； M——錳基焊條； V——釩基電極。 04）第三個字母：表示電池的形狀。 R-代表圓柱電池； L-代表方形電池。 05）數字：圓柱形電池：5個數字分別表示風暴的直徑和高度。 直徑的單位是毫米，尺寸的單位是十分之一毫米。 當任何直徑或高度大於或等於100mm時，應在兩個尺寸之間加一條對角線。 方形電池：6個數字表示風暴的厚度、寬度和高度，單位為毫米。 當三個尺寸中任一個大於或等於100mm時，尺寸之間應加斜線；如果三個尺寸中的任何一個小於1毫米，則在該尺寸前面加上字母“t”，該尺寸的單位是十分之一毫米。 例如ICR18650代表圓柱形二次鋰離子電池； 正極材料為鈷，直徑約18mm，高度約65mm。 ICR20/1050。 ICP083448代表方形二次鋰離子電池； 正極材料為鈷，厚度約8mm，寬度約34mm，高度約48mm。 ICP08/34/150代表方形二次鋰離子電池； 正極材料為鈷，厚度約8mm，寬度約34mm，高度約150mm。

01) Non-dry meson (paper) such as fiber paper, double-sided tape 02) PVC film, trademark tube 03) Connecting sheet: stainless steel sheet, pure nickel sheet, nickel-plated steel sheet 04) Lead-out piece: stainless steel piece (easy to solder) Pure nickel sheet (spot-welded firmly) 05) Plugs 06) Protection components such as temperature control switches, overcurrent protectors, current limiting resistors 07) Carton, paper box 08) Plastic shell

01) Beautiful, brand 02) The battery voltage is limited. To obtain a higher voltage, it must connect multiple batteries in series. 03) Protect the battery, prevent short circuits, and prolong battery life 04) Size limitation 05) Easy to transport 06) Design of special functions, such as waterproof, unique appearance design, etc.

主要包括電壓、內阻、容量、能量密度、內壓、自放電率、循環壽命、密封性能、安全性能、儲存性能、外觀等，還有過充、過放、耐腐蝕等。

01) Cycle life 02) Different rate discharge characteristics 03) Discharge characteristics at different temperatures 04) Charging characteristics 05) Self-discharge characteristics 06) Storage characteristics 07) Over-discharge characteristics 08) Internal resistance characteristics at different temperatures 09) Temperature cycle test 10) Drop test 11) Vibration test 12) Capacity test 13) Internal resistance test 14) GMS test 15) High and low-temperature impact test 16) Mechanical shock test 17) High temperature and high humidity test

01) Short circuit test 02) Overcharge and over-discharge test 03) Withstand voltage test 04) Impact test 05) Vibration test 06) Heating test 07) Fire test 09) Variable temperature cycle test 10) Trickle charge test 11) Free drop test 12) low air pressure test 13) Forced discharge test 15) Electric heating plate test 17) Thermal shock test 19) Acupuncture test 20) Squeeze test 21) Heavy object impact test

Charging method of Ni-MH battery: 01) Constant current charging: the charging current is a specific value in the whole charging process; this method is the most common; 02) Constant voltage charging: During the charging process, both ends of the charging power supply maintain a constant value, and the current in the circuit gradually decreases as the battery voltage increases; 03) Constant current and constant voltage charging: The battery is first charged with constant current (CC). When the battery voltage rises to a specific value, the voltage remains unchanged (CV), and the wind in the circuit drops to a small amount, eventually tending to zero. Lithium battery charging method: Constant current and constant voltage charging: The battery is first charged with constant current (CC). When the battery voltage rises to a specific value, the voltage remains unchanged (CV), and the wind in the circuit drops to a small amount, eventually tending to zero.

IEC國際標準規定，鎳氫電池的標準充放電為：先將電池以0.2C放電至1.0V/個，然後以0.1C充電16小時，放置1小時，放以0.2C至1.0V/個，即以電池標準充放電。

脈衝充電一般採用充放電，設定5秒後釋放1秒。 它將在放電脈衝下將充電過程中產生的大部分氧氣還原為電解質。 它不僅限制了內部電解液的蒸發量，而且那些嚴重極化的舊電池在使用這種充電方法充放電5-10次後會逐漸恢復或接近原始容量。

涓流充電用於彌補電池充滿電後自放電造成的容量損失。 一般採用脈衝電流充電來達到上述目的。

充電效率是指電池在充電過程中消耗的電能轉換為電池所能儲存的化學能的程度。 主要受電池技術和暴風雨的工作環境溫度影響－一般環境溫度越高，充電效率越低。

放電效率是指在一定的放電條件下放電至額定容量時的實際功率。 主要受放電倍率、環境溫度、內阻等因素影響。 一般來說，放電率越高，放電率越高。 放電效率越低。 溫度越低，放電效率越低。

The output power of a battery refers to the ability to output energy per unit time. It is calculated based on the discharge current I and the discharge voltage, P=U*I, the unit is watts. The lower the internal resistance of the battery, the higher the output power. The internal resistance of the battery should be less than the internal resistance of the electrical appliance. Otherwise, the battery itself consumes more power than the electrical appliance, which is uneconomical and may damage the battery.

Self-discharge is also called charge retention capability, which refers to the retention capability of the battery's stored power under certain environmental conditions in an open circuit state. Generally speaking, self-discharge is mainly affected by manufacturing processes, materials, and storage conditions. Self-discharge is one of the main parameters to measure battery performance. Generally speaking, the lower the storage temperature of the battery, the lower the self-discharge rate, but it should also note that the temperature is too low or too high, which may damage the battery and become unusable. After the battery is fully charged and left open for some time, a certain degree of self-discharge is average. The IEC standard stipulates that after fully charged, Ni-MH batteries should be left open for 28 days at a temperature of 20℃±5℃ and humidity of (65±20)%, and the 0.2C discharge capacity will reach 60% of the initial total.

The self-discharge test of lithium battery is: Generally, 24-hour self-discharge is used to test its charge retention capacity quickly. The battery is discharged at 0.2C to 3.0V, constant current. Constant voltage is charged to 4.2V, cut-off current: 10mA, after 15 minutes of storage, discharge at 1C to 3.0 V test its discharge capacity C1, then set the battery with constant current and constant voltage 1C to 4.2V, cut-off current: 10mA, and measure 1C capacity C2 after being left for 24 hours. C2/C1*100% should be more significant than 99%.

The internal resistance in the charged state refers to the internal resistance when the battery is 100% fully charged; the internal resistance in the discharged state refers to the internal resistance after the battery is fully discharged. Generally speaking, the internal resistance in the discharged state is not stable and is too large. The internal resistance in the charged state is more minor, and the resistance value is relatively stable. During the battery's use, only the charged state's internal resistance is of practical significance. In the later period of the battery's help, due to the exhaustion of the electrolyte and the reduction of the activity of internal chemical substances, the battery's internal resistance will increase to varying degrees.

靜態內阻是電池放電時的內阻，動態內阻是電池充電時的內阻。

The IEC stipulates that the standard overcharge test for nickel-metal hydride batteries is: Discharge the battery at 0.2C to 1.0V/piece, and charge it continuously at 0.1C for 48 hours. The battery should have no deformation or leakage. After overcharge, the discharge time from 0.2C to 1.0V should be more than 5 hours.

IEC stipulates that the standard cycle life test of nickel-metal hydride batteries is: After the battery is placed at 0.2C to 1.0V/pc 01) Charge at 0.1C for 16 hours, then discharge at 0.2C for 2 hours and 30 minutes (one cycle) 02) Charge at 0.25C for 3 hours and 10 minutes, and discharge at 0.25C for 2 hours and 20 minutes (2-48 cycles) 03) Charge at 0.25C for 3 hours and 10 minutes, and release to 1.0V at 0.25C (49th cycle) 04) Charge at 0.1C for 16 hours, put it aside for 1 hour, discharge at 0.2C to 1.0V (50th cycle). For nickel-metal hydride batteries, after repeating 400 cycles of 1-4, the 0.2C discharge time should be more significant than 3 hours; for nickel-cadmium batteries, repeating a total of 500 cycles of 1-4, the 0.2C discharge time should be more critical than 3 hours.

Refers to the internal air pressure of the battery, which is caused by the gas generated during the charging and discharging of the sealed battery and is mainly affected by battery materials, manufacturing processes, and battery structure. The main reason for this is that the gas generated by the decomposition of moisture and organic solution inside the battery accumulates. Generally, the internal pressure of the battery is maintained at an average level. In the case of overcharge or over-discharge, the internal pressure of the battery may increase: For example, overcharge, positive electrode: 4OH--4e → 2H2O + O2↑; ① The generated oxygen reacts with the hydrogen precipitated on the negative electrode to produce water 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O ② If the speed of reaction ② is lower than that of reaction ①, the oxygen generated will not be consumed in time, which will cause the internal pressure of the battery to rise.

IEC stipulates that the standard charge retention test for nickel-metal hydride batteries is: After putting the battery at 0.2C to 1.0V, charge it at 0.1C for 16 hours, store it at 20℃±5℃ and humidity of 65%±20%, keep it for 28 days, then discharge it to 1.0V at 0.2C, and Ni-MH batteries should be more than 3 hours. The national standard stipulates that the standard charge retention test for lithium batteries is: (IEC has no relevant standards) the battery is placed at 0.2C to 3.0/piece, and then charged to 4.2V at a constant current and voltage of 1C, with a cut-off wind of 10mA and a temperature of 20 After storing for 28 days at ℃±5℃, discharge it to 2.75V at 0.2C and calculate the discharge capacity. Compared with the battery's nominal capacity, it should be no less than 85% of the initial total.

以內阻≤100mΩ的導線連接防爆箱內充滿電的電池正負極，使正負極短路。 電池不應爆炸或著火。

The high temperature and humidity test of Ni-MH battery are: After the battery is fully charged, store it under constant temperature and humidity conditions for several days, and observe no leakage during storage. The high temperature and high humidity test of lithium battery is: (national standard) Charge the battery with 1C constant current and constant voltage to 4.2V, cut-off current of 10mA, and then put it in a continuous temperature and humidity box at (40±2)℃ and relative humidity of 90%-95% for 48h, then take out the battery in (20 Leave it at ±5)℃ for two h. Observe that the appearance of the battery should be standard. Then discharge to 2.75V at a constant current of 1C, and then perform 1C charging and 1C discharge cycles at (20±5)℃ until the discharge capacity Not less than 85% of the initial total, but the number of cycles is not more than three times.

電池充滿電後，放入烘箱中，以5℃/min的速度從室溫開始升溫。當烤箱溫度達到5°C時，保持130分鐘。電池不應爆炸或著火。當烤箱溫度達到30°C時，保持130分鐘。電池不應爆炸或著火。

The temperature cycle experiment contains 27 cycles, and each process consists of the following steps: 01) The battery is changed from average temperature to 66±3℃, placed for 1 hour under the condition of 15±5%, 02) Switch to a temperature of 33±3°C and humidity of 90±5°C for 1 hour, 03) The condition is changed to -40±3℃ and placed for 1 hour 04) Put the battery at 25℃ for 0.5 hours These four steps complete a cycle. After 27 cycles of experiments, the battery should have no leakage, alkali climbing, rust, or other abnormal conditions.

電池或電池組充滿電後，從1m高處跌落至混凝土（或水泥）地面XNUMX次，獲得隨機方向的衝擊。

The vibration test method of Ni-MH battery is: After discharging the battery to 1.0V at 0.2C, charge it at 0.1C for 16 hours, and then vibrate under the following conditions after being left for 24 hours: Amplitude: 0.8mm Make the battery vibrate between 10HZ-55HZ, increasing or decreasing at a vibration rate of 1HZ every minute. The battery voltage change should be within ±0.02V, and the internal resistance change should be within ±5mΩ. (Vibration time is 90min) The lithium battery vibration test method is: After the battery is discharged to 3.0V at 0.2C, it is charged to 4.2V with constant current and constant voltage at 1C, and the cut-off current is 10mA. After being left for 24 hours, it will vibrate under the following conditions: The vibration experiment is carried out with the vibration frequency from 10 Hz to 60 Hz to 10 Hz in 5 minutes, and the amplitude is 0.06 inches. The battery vibrates in three-axis directions, and each axis shakes for half an hour. The battery voltage change should be within ±0.02V, and the internal resistance change should be within ±5mΩ.

電池充滿電後，水平放置一根硬棒，將20磅重的物體從一定高度落在硬棒上。 電池不應爆炸或著火。

電池充滿電後，將特定直徑的釘子穿過風暴中心，並將釘子留在電池中。 電池不應爆炸或著火。

將充滿電的電池放在帶有獨特防火保護罩的加熱裝置上，並且不會有碎片穿過保護罩。

通過了ISO9001：2000品質系統認證和ISO14001：2004環保系統認證； 產品獲得歐盟CE認證和北美UL認證，通過SGS環保檢測，並獲得Ovonic專利許可； 同時，人保財險已批准該公司產品在全球範圍內承保。

即用型電池是該公司推出的新型高荷電保持率鎳氫電池。 是一種具有原廠、二次電池雙重性能、可替代原電池的耐儲存電池。 也就是說，該電池可以回收利用，並且在與普通鎳氫二次電池相同的時間內儲存後具有更高的剩餘電量。

Compared with similar products, this product has the following remarkable features: 01) Smaller self-discharge; 02) Longer storage time; 03) Over-discharge resistance; 04) Long cycle life; 05) Especially when the battery voltage is lower than 1.0V, it has a good capacity recovery function; More importantly, this type of battery has a charge retention rate of up to 75% when stored in an environment of 25°C for one year, so this battery is the ideal product to replace disposable batteries.

01) Please read the battery manual carefully before use; 02) The electrical and battery contacts should be clean, wiped clean with a damp cloth if necessary, and installed according to the polarity mark after drying; 03) Do not mix old and new batteries, and different types of batteries of the same model can not be combined so as not to reduce the efficiency of use; 04) The disposable battery cannot be regenerated by heating or charging; 05) Do not short-circuit the battery; 06) Do not disassemble and heat the battery or throw the battery into the water; 07) When electrical appliances are not in use for a long time, it should remove the battery, and it should turn the switch off after use; 08) Do not discard waste batteries randomly, and separate them from other garbage as much as possible to avoid polluting the environment; 09) When there is no adult supervision, do not allow children to replace the battery. Small batteries should be placed out of the reach of children; 10) it should store the battery in a cool, dry place without direct sunlight.

At present, nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, and lithium-ion rechargeable batteries are widely used in various portable electrical equipment (such as notebook computers, cameras, and mobile phones). Each rechargeable battery has its unique chemical properties. The main difference between nickel-cadmium and nickel-metal hydride batteries is that the energy density of nickel-metal hydride batteries is relatively high. Compared with batteries of the same type, the capacity of Ni-MH batteries is twice that of Ni-Cd batteries. This means that the use of nickel-metal hydride batteries can significantly extend the working time of the equipment when no additional weight is added to the electrical equipment. Another advantage of nickel-metal hydride batteries is that they significantly reduce the "memory effect" problem in cadmium batteries to use nickel-metal hydride batteries more conveniently. Ni-MH batteries are more environmentally friendly than Ni-Cd batteries because there are no toxic heavy metal elements inside. Li-ion has also quickly become a common power source for portable devices. Li-ion can provide the same energy as Ni-MH batteries but can reduce weight by about 35%, suitable for electrical equipment such as cameras and laptops. It is crucial. Li-ion has no "memory effect," The advantages of no toxic substances are also essential factors that make it a common power source. It will significantly reduce the discharge efficiency of Ni-MH batteries at low temperatures. Generally, the charging efficiency will increase with the increase of temperature. However, when the temperature rises above 45°C, the performance of rechargeable battery materials at high temperatures will degrade, and it will significantly shorten the battery's cycle life.

倍率放電是指燃燒時放電電流（A）與額定容量（A·h）之間的速率關係。 小時率放電是指在特定的輸出電流下釋放額定容量所需的小時數。

Since the battery in a digital camera has a low temperature, the active material activity is significantly reduced, which may not provide the camera's standard operating current, so outdoor shooting in areas with low temperature, especially. Pay attention to the warmth of the camera or battery.

充電 -10—45℃ 放電 -30—55℃

如果將不同容量的新舊電池混用或一起使用，可能會出現漏液、零電壓等現象，這是由於充電過程中電量的差異，導致部分電池在充電時出現過充現象。 有些電池沒有充滿電，放電時還有容量。 高容量電池未完全放電，低容量電池過度放電。 如此惡性循環，導致電池損壞、漏液或電壓低（零）。

將電池的外部兩端連接到任何導體都會導致外部短路。 短期使用可能會對不同類型的電池造成嚴重的後果，如電解液溫度升高、內部氣壓升高等。如果氣壓超過電池蓋的耐受電壓，電池就會漏液。 這種情況會嚴重損壞電池。 如果安全閥失效，甚至可能引起爆炸。 因此，請勿使電池外部短路。

01) Charging: When choosing a charger, it is best to use a charger with correct charging termination devices (such as anti-overcharge time devices, negative voltage difference (-V) cut-off charging, and anti-overheating induction devices) to avoid shortening the battery life due to overcharging. Generally speaking, slow charging can prolong the service life of the battery better than fast charging. 02) Discharge: a. The depth of discharge is the main factor affecting battery life. The higher the depth of release, the shorter the battery life. In other words, as long as the depth of discharge is reduced, it can significantly extend the battery's service life. Therefore, we should avoid over-discharging the battery to a very low voltage. b. When the battery is discharged at a high temperature, it will shorten its service life. c. If the designed electronic equipment cannot completely stop all current, if the equipment is left unused for a long time without taking out the battery, the residual current will sometimes cause the battery to be excessively consumed, causing the storm to over-discharge. d. When using batteries with different capacities, chemical structures, or different charge levels, as well as batteries of various old and new types, the batteries will discharge too much and even cause reverse polarity charging. 03) Storage: If the battery is stored at a high temperature for a long time, it will attenuate its electrode activity and shorten its service life.

如果長時間不使用電器，最好將電池取出，放在低溫乾燥的地方。 如果不這樣做，即使關閉電器，系統仍然會使電池有低電流輸出，從而縮短暴風雨的使用壽命。

According to the IEC standard, it should store the battery at a temperature of 20℃±5℃ and humidity of (65±20)%. Generally speaking, the higher the storage temperature of the storm, the lower the remaining rate of capacity, and vice versa, the best place to store the battery when the refrigerator temperature is 0℃-10℃, especially for primary batteries. Even if the secondary battery loses its capacity after storage, it can be recovered as long as it is recharged and discharged several times. In theory, there is always energy loss when the battery is stored. The inherent electrochemical structure of the battery determines that the battery capacity is inevitably lost, mainly due to self-discharge. Usually, the self-discharge size is related to the solubility of the positive electrode material in the electrolyte and its instability (accessible to self-decompose) after being heated. The self-discharge of rechargeable batteries is much higher than that of primary batteries. If you want to store the battery for a long time, it is best to put it in a dry and low-temperature environment and keep the remaining battery power at about 40%. Of course, it is best to take out the battery once a month to ensure the excellent storage condition of the storm, but not to completely drain the battery and damage the battery.

A battery that is internationally prescribed as a standard for measuring potential (potential). It was invented by American electrical engineer E. Weston in 1892, so it is also called Weston battery. The positive electrode of the standard battery is the mercury sulfate electrode, the negative electrode is cadmium amalgam metal (containing 10% or 12.5% ​​cadmium), and the electrolyte is acidic, saturated cadmium sulfate aqueous solution, which is saturated cadmium sulfate and mercurous sulfate aqueous solution.

01) External short circuit or overcharge or reverse charge of the battery (forced over-discharge); 02) The battery is continuously overcharged by high-rate and high-current, which causes the battery core to expand, and the positive and negative electrodes are directly contacted and short-circuited; 03) The battery is short-circuited or slightly short-circuited. For example, improper placement of the positive and negative poles causes the pole piece to contact the short circuit, positive electrode contact, etc.

01) Whether a single battery has zero voltage; 02) The plug is short-circuited or disconnected, and the connection to the plug is not good; 03) Desoldering and virtual welding of lead wire and battery; 04) The internal connection of the battery is incorrect, and the connection sheet and the battery are leaked, soldered, and unsoldered, etc.; 05) The electronic components inside the battery are incorrectly connected and damaged.

To prevent the battery from being overcharged, it is necessary to control the charging endpoint. When the battery is complete, there will be some unique information that it can use to judge whether the charging has reached the endpoint. Generally, there are the following six methods to prevent the battery from being overcharged: 01) Peak voltage control: Determine the end of charging by detecting the peak voltage of the battery; 02) dT/DT control: Determine the end of charging by detecting the peak temperature change rate of the battery; 03) △T control: When the battery is fully charged, the difference between the temperature and the ambient temperature will reach the maximum; 04) -△V control: When the battery is fully charged and reaches a peak voltage, the voltage will drop by a particular value; 05) Timing control: control the endpoint of charging by setting a specific charging time, generally set the time required to charge 130% of the nominal capacity to handle;

01) Zero-voltage battery or zero-voltage battery in the battery pack; 02) The battery pack is disconnected, the internal electronic components and the protection circuit is abnormal; 03) The charging equipment is faulty, and there is no output current; 04) External factors cause the charging efficiency to be too low (such as extremely low or extremely high temperature).